Keyword: collider
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MOPOST009 EIC Crab Cavity Multipole Analysis and Their Effects on Dynamic Aperture cavity, multipole, dynamic-aperture, luminosity 66
 
  • Q. Wu, B.P. Xiao
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • S.U. De Silva
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • Z. Li
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • Y. Luo
    Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Crab cavity is essential for retrieving the loss in luminosity due to the large crossing angle in the two colliding beam lines of the Electron Ion Collider (EIC). Due to the asymmetric design of the proton beam crab cavity, the fundamental mode consists of contributions from higher order multipoles. These multipole modes may change during fabrication and installation of the cavities, and therefore affect the local dynamic aperture. Thresholds for each order of the multipoles are applied to ensure dynamic aperture requirements at these crab cavities. In this paper, we analyzed the strength of the multipoles due to fabrication and installation accuracies, and set limitations to each procedure to maintain the dynamic aperture requirement. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST009  
About • Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 22 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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MOPOST043 Testing the Global Diffusive Behaviour of Beam-Halo Dynamics at the CERN LHC Using Collimator Scans beam-losses, proton, emittance, hadron 172
 
  • C.E. Montanari, A. Bazzani
    Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
  • M. Giovannozzi, C.E. Montanari, S. Redaelli
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A.A. Gorzawski
    University of Malta, Information and Communication Technology, Msida, Malta
  
  In superconducting circular particle accelerators, controlling beam losses is of paramount importance for ensuring optimal machine performance and an efficient operation. To achieve the required level of understanding of the mechanisms underlying beam losses, models based on global diffusion processes have recently been studied and proposed to investigate the beam-halo dynamics. In these models, the building block of the analytical form of the diffusion coefficient is the stability-time estimate of the Nekhoroshev theorem. In this paper, the developed models are applied to data acquired during collimation scans at the CERN LHC. In these measurements, the collimators are moved in steps and the tail population is re-constructed from the observed losses. This allows an estimate of the diffusion coefficient. The results of the analyses performed are presented and discussed in detail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST043  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
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MOPOST045 A Novel Tool for Beam Dynamics Studies with Hollow Electron Lenses simulation, electron, collimation, hadron 176
 
  • P.D. Hermes, R. Bruce, R. De Maria, M. Giovannozzi, G. Iadarola, D. Mirarchi, S. Redaelli
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Hollow Electron Lenses (HELs) are crucial components of the CERN LHC High Luminosity Upgrade (HL-LHC), serving the purpose of actively controlling the population of the transverse beam halo to reduce particle losses on the collimation system. Symplectic particle tracking simulations are required to optimize the efficiency and study potentially undesired beam dynamics effects with the HELs. With the relevant time scales in the collider in the order of several minutes, tracking simulations require considerable computing resources. A new tracking tool, Xsuite, developed at CERN since 2021, offers the possibility of performing such tracking simulations using graphics processing units (GPUs), with promising perspectives for the simulation of hadron beam dynamics with HELs. In this contribution, we present the implementation of HEL physics effects in the new tracking framework. We compare the performance with previous tools and show simulation results obtained using known and newly established simulation setups.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST045  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 22 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 08 July 2022
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MOPOST049 Electron Cloud Build-Up for the Arc Sextupole Sections of the FCC-ee electron, simulation, vacuum, sextupole 191
 
  • J.E. Rocha Muñoz, G.H.I. Maury Cuna
    Universidad de Guanajuato, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, León, Mexico
  • K.B. Cantún-Ávila
    UADY, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Funding: Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACyT) - México
In particle accelerators that operate with positrons, an electron cloud may occur due to several mechanisms. This work reports preliminary studies on electron cloud build-up for the arc sextupole sections of the positron ring of the FCCe+e− using the code PyECLOUD. We compute the electron cloud evolution while varying strategic parameters and consider three simulation scenarios. We report the values of the central density just before the bunch passage, which is related to the single-bunch instability threshold and the electron density threshold for the three scenarios. In addition, we compare the simulated electron distribution across the central circular cross-section for a chamber with and without winglets. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST049  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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MOPOPT025 Development of an Electro-Optical Longitudinal Bunch Profile Monitor at KARA Towards a Beam Diagnostics Tool for FCC-ee laser, electron, operation, polarization 296
 
  • M. Reißig, M. Brosi, E. Bründermann, S. Funkner, B. Härer, A.-S. Müller, G. Niehues, M.M. Patil, R. Ruprecht, C. Widmann
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: The Future Circular Collider Innovation Study (FCCIS) project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant No 951754. M. R. and M. M. P. acknowledge the support by the Doctoral School "Karlsruhe School of Elementary and Astroparticle Physics: Science and Technology". C. W. achnowledges funding by BMBF contract number 05K19VKD.
The Karlsruhe Research Accelerator (KARA) at KIT features an electro-optical (EO) near-field diagnostics setup to conduct turn-by-turn longitudinal bunch profile measurements in the storage ring using electro-optical spectral decoding (EOSD). Within the Future Circular Collider Innovation Study (FCCIS) an EO monitor using the same technique is being conceived to measure the longitudinal profile and center-of-charge of the bunches in the future electron-positron collider FCC-ee. This contribution provides an overview of the EO near-field diagnostics at KARA and discusses the development and its challenges towards an effective beam diagnostics concept for the FCC-ee. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOPT025  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
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MOPOTK031 10 TeV Center of Mass Energy Muon Collider dipole, quadrupole, focusing, radiation 515
 
  • K. Skoufaris, C. Carli, D. Schulte
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  A Muon collider can provide unique opportunities in high-energy physics as an energy frontier machine. However, a number of challenges have to be addressed during the design process primarily due to the short lifetime of muons. In this work, a lattice for a §I10{TeV} center-of-mass energy collider is presented. Some of the more important challenges faced are: the design of an interaction region with β* values of the order of a few millimeters and an adequate chromatic compensation without sacrificing the physical and dynamic aperture, the flexibility to control the momentum compaction factor and the radiation generated where neutrinos from muons decays reach the surface. These issues are addressed with the development of a new chromatic correction scheme, the extensive use of flexible momentum compaction factor cells and the efficient control of the optical parameters.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK031  
About • Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022
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MOPOTK046 Design Concept for a Second Interaction Region for the Electron-Ion Collider electron, hadron, optics, detector 564
 
  • B.R. Gamage, V. Burkert, R. Ent, Y. Furletova, D.W. Higinbotham, T.J. Michalski, R. Rajput-Ghoshal, D. Romanov, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, C. Weiss, W. Wittmer, Y. Zhang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • E.C. Aschenauer, J.S. Berg, K.A. Drees, A. Jentsch, A. Kiselev, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • C. Hyde
    ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
  • F. Lin, V.S. Morozov
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • P. Nadel-Turonski
    SBU, Stony Brook, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725
In addition to the day-one primary Interaction Region (IR), the design of the Electron Ion Collider (EIC) must support operation of a 2nd IR potentially added later. The 2nd IR is envisioned in an existing experimental hall at RHIC IP8, compatible with the same beam energy combinations as the 1st IR over the full center of mass energy range of ~20 GeV to ~140 GeV. The 2nd IR is designed to be complementary to the 1st IR. In particular, a secondary focus is added in the forward ion direction of the 2nd IR hadron beamline to optimize its capability in detecting particles with magnetic rigidities close to those of the ion beam. We provide the current design status of the 2nd IR in terms of parameters, magnet layout and beam dynamics. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK046  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
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TUIZSP1 Status of the e+e− Collider Projects in Asia and Europe: CEPC and FCC-ee cavity, booster, positron, operation 815
 
  • X.C. Lou
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • M. Boscolo
    LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Since the Higgs boson discovery at CERN, precision measurement of its properties has become the first priority in the field of High Energy Physics. Two laboratories, CERN from Europe and IHEP from China, have proposed large scale circular electron-positron colliders, namely FCC-ee and CEPC. Record luminosities are expected in the center of mass energy range from 90 to about 365 GeV. In this talk the statuses of both projects are reviewed: Following the publication of the first CDR FCC-ee and CEPC entering the phase of consolidation and feasibility study. Special focus will be put on R&D plans, prototyping and key technologies.  
slides icon Slides TUIZSP1 [6.718 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUIZSP1  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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TUIZSP2 The Muon Collider target, cavity, emittance, solenoid 821
 
  • D. Schulte
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Muon colliders are considered nowadays in the landscape of future lepton colliders. Since the MAP project in USA, an important effort is being made in Europe to identify the neccesary R&D to advance towards a Conceptual Design Report in the next years. The talk will review the status of the technologies and accelerator designs and will present the R&D plans.  
slides icon Slides TUIZSP2 [15.641 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUIZSP2  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
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TUOZSP1 Prospects for Optics Measuements in FCC-ee optics, damping, dipole, radiation 827
 
  • J. Keintzel, R. Tomás García, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Within the framework of the Future Circular Collider Feasibility Study, the design of the electron-positron collider FCC-ee is optimised, as a possible future double collider ring, currently foreseen to start operation during the 2040s. With close to 100 km of circumference and strong synchrotron radiation damping at highest beam energy, adequate beam measurements are needed to control the optics at the desired level. Various possible techniques to measure the optics in FCC-ee are explored, including the option of turn-by-turn measurements in combination with an AC-dipole.  
slides icon Slides TUOZSP1 [2.738 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUOZSP1  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022
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TUPOST011 Simulation Studies of Intra-Train, Bunch-by-Bunch Feedback Systems at the International Linear Collider feedback, luminosity, ground-motion, linear-collider 861
 
  • R.L. Ramjiawan, D.R. Bett, P. Burrows, C. Perry
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • D.R. Bett
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • R.M. Bodenstein
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • G.B. Christian
    DLS, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
  
  The International Linear Collider (ILC) is a proposed electron-positron collider targeting collision energies from 250 GeV to 1 TeV. With design luminosities of order 1034 cm2s-1, a beam-based, intra-train feedback system would be required near the Interaction Point (IP) to provide nanometre-level stabilisation of the beam overlap in the collisions. Here we present results from beam-tracking simulations of the 500 GeV ILC, including the impact of beam-trajectory imperfections on the luminosity, and the capability of the IP feedback system to compensate for them. Effects investigated include the position jitter introduced by the damping ring extraction kicker, short-range and long-range wakefields, and ground motion. The feedback system was shown to be able to correct for beam-beam offsets of up to 200 nm and stabilise the collision overlap to the nanometre level, within a few bunch crossings.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST011  
About • Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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TUPOST054 Experiment of Bayesian Optimization for Trajectory Alignment at Low Energy RHIC Electron Cooler electron, experiment, alignment, controls 987
 
  • Y. Gao, K.A. Brown, X. Gu, J. Morris, S. Seletskiy
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • J.A. Crittenden, G.H. Hoffstaetter, W. Lin
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy; U.S. National Science Foundation under Award PHY-1549132, the Center for Bright Beams.
As the world’s first electron cooler that uses radio frequency (rf) accelerated electron bunches, the low energy RHIC electron cooling (LEReC) system is a nonmagnetized cooler of ion beams in RHIC at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Beam dynamics in LEReC are different from the more conventional electron coolers due to the bunching of the electron beam. To ensure an efficient cooling performance at LEReC, many parameters need to be monitored and fine-tuned. The alignment of the electron and ion trajectories in the LEReC cooling sections is one of the most critical parameters. This work explores using a machine learning (ML) method - Bayesian Optimization (BO) to optimize the trajectories’ alignment. Experimental results demonstrate that ML methods such as BO can perform control tasks efficiently in the RHIC controls system. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOST054  
About • Received ※ 04 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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TUPOTK048 Optimization of a 600 MHz Two-Cell Slotted Waveguide Elliptical Cavity for FCC-ee cavity, impedance, HOM, GUI 1323
 
  • S. Gorgi Zadeh, O. Brunner, F. Peauger, I. Syratchev
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  The radio-frequency (RF) system of the future circular lepton collider (FCC-ee) must cope with different machine parameters ranging from Ampere-class operation required for the Z-peak working point to the high-gradient operation for the ttbar threshold. The Superconducting Slotted Waveguide Elliptical cavity (SWELL) concept was recently proposed as an alternative to the challenging RF baseline design of the FCC-ee. In this paper, random optimization methods are used to minimize the peak surface magnetic field and the maximum longitudinal impedance of the higher order modes (HOM) of a two-cell \unit[600]{MHz} SWELL cavity. In the next step, the waveguide slots are optimized to first have a smooth transition from the cavity to the slots to avoid large peak surface fields and second to achieve high transmission at dipole mode frequencies and low transmission at fundamental mode frequency while keeping the design compact.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK048  
About • Received ※ 23 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022
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TUPOTK060 Simulations of Miscut Effects on the Efficiency of a Crystal Collimation System collimation, simulation, proton, hadron 1358
 
  • M. D’Andrea, D. Mirarchi, S. Redaelli
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project.
The concept of crystal collimation relies on the use of bent crystals which can coherently deflect high-energy halo particles at angles orders of magnitude larger than what is obtained from scattering with conventional materials. Crystal collimation is studied to further improve the collimation efficiency at the High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). In order to reproduce the main experimental results of crystal collimation tests and to predict the performance of such a system, a simulation routine capable of modeling interactions of beam particles with crystal collimators was developed and recently integrated into the latest release of the single-particle tracking code SixTrack. A new treatment of the miscut angle, i.e. the angle between crystalline planes and crystal edges, was implemented to study the effects of this manufacturing imperfection on the efficiency of a crystal collimation system. In this paper, the updated miscut angle model is described and simulation results on the cleaning efficiency are presented, using configurations tested during Run 2 of the LHC as a case study. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK060  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 July 2022
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TUPOTK061 Prospects to Apply Machine Learning to Optimize the Operation of the Crystal Collimation System at the LHC collimation, operation, hadron, network 1362
 
  • M. D’Andrea, G. Azzopardi, M. Di Castro, E. Matheson, D. Mirarchi, S. Redaelli, G. Valentino
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • G. Ricci
    Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
  
  Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project.
Crystal collimation relies on the use of bent crystals to coherently deflect halo particles onto dedicated collimator absorbers. This scheme is planned to be used at the LHC to improve the betatron cleaning efficiency with high-intensity ion beams. Only particles with impinging angles below 2.5 urad relative to the crystalline planes can be efficiently channeled at the LHC nominal top energy of 7 Z TeV. For this reason, crystals must be kept in optimal alignment with respect to the circulating beam envelope to maximize the efficiency of the channeling process. Given the small angular acceptance, achieving optimal channeling conditions is particularly challenging. Furthermore, the different phases of the LHC operational cycle involve important dynamic changes of the local orbit and optics, requiring an optimized control of position and angle of the crystals relative to the beam. To this end, the possibility to apply machine learning to the alignment of the crystals, in a dedicated setup and in standard operation, is considered. In this paper, possible solutions for automatic adaptation to the changing beam parameters are highlighted and plans for the LHC ion runs starting in 2022 are discussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK061  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 21 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 24 June 2022
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TUPOTK062 Settings for Improved Betatron Collimation in the First Run of the High Luminosity LHC collimation, dipole, luminosity, hadron 1366
 
  • B. Lindström, A. Abramov, R. Bruce, R. De Maria, P.D. Hermes, J. Molson, S. Redaelli, F.F. Van der Veken
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  Funding: This work was supported by the High Luminosity LHC project
The current betatron collimation system in the LHC is not optimized to absorb off-momentum particles scattered out from the primary collimators. The highest losses are concentrated in the downstream dispersion suppressor (DS). Given the increased beam intensity in the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC), there is concern that these losses could risk quenching the superconducting DS magnets. Consequently, a dedicated upgrade of the DS has been studied. However, at this stage, the deployment for the startup of the HL-LHC is uncertain due to delays in the availability of high-field magnets needed to integrate new collimators into the DS. In this paper, we describe the expected collimation setup for the first run of the HL-LHC and explore various techniques to improve the collimation cleaning. These include exploiting the asymmetric response of the two jaws of each primary collimator and adjusting the locally generated dispersion in the collimation insertion. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK062  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEOXGD1 Studies and Mitigation of Collective Effects in FCC-ee impedance, coupling, collective-effects, synchrotron 1583
 
  • M. Migliorati, E. Carideo
    Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
  • C. Antuono, E. Carideo
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • M. Behtouei, B. Spataro, M. Zobov
    LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
  • Y. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: The Future Circular Collider Innovation Study (FCCIS) receives funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant No 951754.
In order to achieve a high luminosity in the future electron-positron circular collider (FCC-ee), very intense multi-bunch colliding beams should have nanometer scale transverse beam sizes at the collision points. For this purpose the emittances of the colliding beams are chosen to be very small, comparable to those of the modern synchrotron light sources, while the stored beam currents should be close to the best values achieved in the last generation of particle factories. In order to preserve beam quality and to avoid collider performance degradation, a careful study of the collective effects and techniques for their mitigation is required. The current status of these studies is discussed in the paper. 		 
slides icon Slides WEOXGD1 [2.898 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEOXGD1  
About • Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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WEPOST001 Radiation Load Studies for Superconducting Dipole Magnets in a 10 TeV Muon Collider radiation, shielding, dipole, electron 1671
 
  • D. Calzolari, C. Carli, B. Humann, A. Lechner, G. Lerner, F. Salvat Pujol, D. Schulte, K. Skoufaris
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • B. Humann
    TU Vienna, Wien, Austria
  
  Among the various future lepton colliders under study, muon colliders offer the prospect of reaching the highest collision energies. Despite the promising potential of a multi-TeV muon collider, the short lifetime of muons poses a severe technological challenge for the collider design. In particular, the copious production of decay electrons and positrons along the collider ring requires the integration of continuous radiation absorbers inside superconducting magnets. The absorbers are needed to avoid quenches, reduce the heat dissipation in the cold mass and prevent magnet failures due to long-term radiation damage. In this paper, we present FLUKA shower simulations assessing the shielding requirements for high-field magnets of a 10 TeV muon collider. We quantify in particular the role of synchrotron photon emission by decay electrons and positrons, which helps in dispersing the energy carried by the decay products. For comparison, selected results for a 3 TeV muon collider are also presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST001  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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WEPOST007 Centre-of-Mass Energy in FCC-ee radiation, polarization, cavity, simulation 1683
 
  • J. Keintzel, R. Tomás García, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A.P. Blondel
    DPNC, Genève, Switzerland
  • D.N. Shatilov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The Future Circular electron-positron Collider (FCC-ee) is designed for high precision particle physics experiments. This demands a precise knowledge of the beam energies, obtained by resonant depolarization, and from which the center-of-mass energy and possible boosts at all interaction points are then determined. At the highest beam energy mode of 182.5 GeV, the energy loss due to synchrotron radiation is about 10 GeV per revolution. Hence, not only the location of the RF cavities, but also a precise control of the optics and understanding of beam dynamics, are crucial. In the studies presented here, different possible locations of the RF-cavities are considered, when calculating the beam energies over the machine circumference, including energy losses from crossing angles, a non-homogeneous dipole distribution, and an estimate of the beamstrahlung effect at the collision point.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST007  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 17 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 24 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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WEPOST010 Controlling e+/e− Circular Collider Bunch Intensity by Laser Compton Scattering laser, electron, scattering, photon 1695
 
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • T.O. Raubenheimer
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  
  Funding: This project receives funding from the European Union’s H2020 Framework Programme under grant agreement no. 951754 (FCCIS).
In the future circular electron-positron collider "FCC-ee", the intensity of colliding bunches must be tightly controlled, with a maximum charge imbalance between collision partner bunches of less than 3-5%. Laser Compton back scattering could be used to adjust and fine-tune the bunch intensity. We discuss a possible implementation and suitable laser parameters. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST010  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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WEPOST011 Studies on Top-Up Injection into the FCC-ee Collider Ring injection, kicker, optics, lattice 1699
 
  • P.J. Hunchak, M.J. Boland
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  • M. Aiba
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • W. Bartmann, Y. Dutheil, M. Hofer, R.L. Ramjiawan, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • M.J. Boland
    University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
  
  In order to maximize the luminosity production time in the FCC-ee, top-up injection will be employed. The positron and electron beams will be accelerated to the collision energy in the booster ring before being injected with either a small transverse or longitudinal separation to the stored beam. Using this scheme essentially keeps the beam current constant and, apart from a brief period during the injection process, collision data can be continuously acquired. Two top-up injection schemes, each with on- and off-momentum sub-schemes, viable for FCC-ee have been identified in the past and are studied in further detail to find a suitable design for each of the four operation modes of the FCC-ee. In this paper, injection straight optics, initial injection tracking studies and the effect on the stored beam are presented. Additionally, a basic proxy error lattice is introduced as a first step to studying injection into an imperfect machine.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST011  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 June 2022
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WEPOST017 Design of a Collimation Section for the FCC-ee collimation, optics, operation, quadrupole 1722
 
  • M. Hofer, A. Abramov, R. Bruce, K. Oide, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • M. Moudgalya, T. Pieloni
    EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
  • K. Oide
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  The design parameters of the FCC-ee foresee operation with a total stored beam energy of about 20 MJ, exceeding those of previous lepton colliders by almost two orders of magnitude. Given the inherent damage potential, a halo collimation system is studied to protect the machine hardware, in particular superconducting equipment such as the final focus quadrupoles, from sudden beam loss. The different constraints that led to dedicating one straight section to collimation will be outlined. In addition, a preliminary layout and optics for a collimation insertion are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST017  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
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WEPOST050 Further Measurements of Beam-Beam Interactions in a Gear-Changing System in DESIREE experiment, synchrotron, pick-up, space-charge 1810
 
  • E.A. Nissen
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • A. Källberg, A. Simonsson
    Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
  
  Funding: Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a license to publish or reproduce this manuscript.
In this work we detail experiments performed on a gear-changing system using the Double ElectroStatic Ion Ring ExpEriment (DESIREE). A gear-changing system is one where there are different harmonic numbers in each ring. This experiment used carbon and nitrogen beams in a 4 on 3 gear-changing arrangement, with the last bunch of each left off. The bunch length can be measured and synchrotron motion detected. We performed this measurement on three different values of carbon current, and present the differences in the bunch length frequency spectrum here, which correspond to twice the synchrotron frequencies. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST050  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 30 June 2022
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WEPOPT001 NICA Ion Collider and Plans of Its First Operations booster, injection, electron, luminosity 1819
 
  • E. Syresin, O.I. Brovko, A.V. Butenko, A.R. Galimov, E.V. Gorbachev, V. Kekelidze, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, S.A. Kostromin, V.A. Lebedev, I.N. Meshkov, A.V. Philippov, A.O. Sidorin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  The Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) is under assembling in JINR. The NICA goals are providing of colliding beams for studies of hot and dense strongly interacting baryonic matter and spin physics. The heavy ion injection complex of Collider NICA consisting from following accelerators: new acting heavy ion linac HILAC with RFQ and IH DTL sections at energy 3.2 MeV/u, new acting superconducting Booster synchrotron at energy up 600 MeV/u, acting superconducting synchrotron Nuclotron at gold ion energy 3.9 GeV/n, will starts operation with first ion beams in beginning of 2022. The assembling of two Collider storage rings with two interaction points was done in December 2021. The status of acceleration complex NICA and plans of its first operation is under discussion.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT001  
About • Received ※ 30 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022  
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WEPOPT002 Conception of High Intensive Polarized Proton Beam Formation in NICA Collider proton, injection, luminosity, acceleration 1822
 
  • E. Syresin, A.V. Butenko, S.A. Kostromin, O.S. Kozlov, I.N. Meshkov, A.O. Sidorin, G.V. Trubnikov, A. Tuzikov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • Y. Filatov
    MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia
  • S.D. Kolokolchikov, Y. Senichev
    RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
  • A.M. Kondratenko, M.A. Kondratenko
    Science and Technique Laboratory Zaryad, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • N.V. Mityanina
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • P.R. Zenkevich
    ITEP, Moscow, Russia
  
  NICA (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility) is a new accelerator complex being assembled at JINR to search for the mixed phase of baryonic matter and to investigate the nature of nucleon/particle spin. The polarized proton beams will be operated at the energy range of 5-12.6 GeV, the beam intensity in each ring of 2.2x1013 and the luminosity of 1x1032 cm-2 s-1. The conception of formation of high intensive proton beams is discussed for two different schemes. In first scheme the protons are injected from Nuclotron to Collider at an energy of 2-2.5 GeV to provide the cooling and the storage at this energy and then they are accelerated up to energy of experiments. In the second scheme the cooling of protons is realized in one from accelerators of the injection chain and the protons are injected from Nuclotron to Collider at energy of experiments, where they are stored up required intensity.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT002  
About • Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 10 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 12 June 2022
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WEPOPT003 Challenges of Low Energy Hadron Colliders electron, luminosity, emittance, operation 1825
 
  • G.V. Trubnikov, V.A. Lebedev
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • A.V. Butenko, S.A. Kostromin, I.N. Meshkov, A.V. Philippov, A.O. Sidorin, E. Syresin, A. Tuzikov
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  
  NICA collider complex is under construction at JINR. The initial configuration of the collider will perform collisions of fully stripped heavy ions, 209 Bi and others, for a study of phase transition in the quark-gluon plasma in the energy range 1/4.5 GeV/u per beam. Commissioning of the collider injection chain has been recently started. The complex includes 2 linacs, 2 Booster synchrotrons (Booster and Nuclotron to support the beam injection to the collider), and 2 collider rings of 503 m circumference. The design luminosity is ~1027 1/(cm*s) at 4.5 GeV/u. The heavy ions are generated in the ESIS-type ion source with intensity ~10 9 /pulse. Then they are accelerated into the linac and Booster and directed to stripping target. Next, fully stripped ions are accelerated in the Nuclotron and injected into Collider. The electron and stochastic cooling are used in each of the collider rings to support beam accumulation and to prevent the emittance growth due to intrabeam scattering. Three RF systems are used for longitudinal phase space manipulations. An achievement of design luminosity requires overcoming many technological and beam physics problems which are discussed in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT003  
About • Received ※ 30 May 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022
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WEPOPT004 Acceleration and Crossing of Transition Energy Investigation Using an RF Structure of the Barrier Bucket Type in the NICA Accelerator Complex dynamic-aperture, focusing, acceleration, proton 1829
 
  • S.D. Kolokolchikov, A.A. Melnikov, Y. Senichev
    RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
  • E. Syresin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  The dynamic of longitudinal motion in Barrier Bucket RF structure is considered. To preserve the stability of the proton beam during the acceleration to the experiment energy it is necessary to cross the transition energy and a rapid jump of transition energy is possible. The influence of the second-order slip factor is taking into account, as well as the space charge effect. The dynamic aperture is investigated for various gradients of focusing quadrupoles and corresponding working points which is necessary for transition crossing.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT004  
About • Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEPOPT013 Effect of a Spurious CLIQ Firing on the Circulating Beam in HL-LHC beam-losses, luminosity, simulation, collimation 1862
 
  • C. Hernalsteens, B. Lindström, E. Ravaioli, O.K. Tuormaa, M. Villén Basco, C. Wiesner, D. Wollmann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  The High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will reach a nominal, levelled luminosity of §I{5e34}{\per\cm\square\per\second} and a stored energy of nearly §I{700}{MJ} in each of the two proton beams. The new large-aperture final focusing Nb3Sn quadrupole magnets in IR1 and IR5, which are essential to achieve the luminosity target, will be protected using the novel Coupling Loss Induced Quench (CLIQ) system. A spurious discharge of a CLIQ unit will impact the circulating beam through higher order multipolar field components that develop rapidly over a few turns. This paper reports on dedicated beam tracking studies performed to evaluate the criticality of this failure on the HL-LHC beam. Simulations for different machine and optics configurations show that the beam losses reach a critical level after only five machine turns following the spurious CLIQ trigger, which is much faster than assumed in previous simulations that did not consider the higher order multipolar fields. Machine protection requirements using a dedicated interlock to mitigate this failure are discussed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT013  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022  
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WEPOPT014 The Effect of a Partially Depleted Halo on the Criticality and Detectability of Fast Failures in the HL-LHC beam-losses, simulation, luminosity, dipole 1866
 
  • C. Hernalsteens, C. Lannoy, O.K. Tuormaa, M. Villén Basco, C. Wiesner, D. Wollmann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  In the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) era, the bunch intensity will be increased to νm{2.2e11} protons, which is almost twice the nominal LHC intensity. The stored energy in each of the two beams will increase to §I{674}{MJ}. The HL-LHC will feature beams whose transverse halos are partially depleted by means of a hollow electron lens. The reduced stored energy in the beam tails will significantly change the development of losses caused by failures. This paper reports on beam tracking simulations evaluating the effect of a partially depleted halo on the criticality and detection of failures originating from the superconducting magnet protection systems. In addition, the effect of the transverse damper operating as a coherent excitation system leading to orbit excursions on a beam with a partially depleted halo is discussed. The results in terms of time-dependent beam losses are presented. The margins between the failure onset, its detection, and the time to reach critical loss levels, are discussed. The results are extrapolated to failure cases of different origins that induce similar beam loss dynamics.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT014  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEPOPT017 First Optics Design for a Transverse Monochromatic Scheme for the Direct S-Channel Higgs Production at FCC-ee Collider optics, positron, luminosity, site 1878
 
  • H.P. Jiang
    Harbin Institute of Technology (HIT) , Harbin, People’s Republic of China
  • A. Faus-Golfe, Z.D. Zhang
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  • K. Oide
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • Z.D. Zhang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • Z.D. Zhang
    UCAS, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  The FCC-ee collider baseline foresees four different energy operation modes: Z, WW, H(ZH) and ttbar. An optional fifth mode, called s-channel Higgs production mode, could allow the measurement of the electron Yukawa coupling, in dedicated runs at 125 GeV centre-of-mass energy, provided that the centre-of-mass energy spread, can be reduced by at least an order of magnitude (5-10 MeV). The use of a special collision technique: a monochromatization scheme is one way to accomplish it. There are several methods to implement a monochromatization scheme. One method, named transverse monochromatization scheme, consists of introducing a dispersion different from zero but opposite sign for the two colliding beams at the Interaction Point (IP); In this paper we will report about the first attempt to design a new optics to implement a transverse monochromatic scheme for the FCC-ee Higgs production totally compatible with the standard mode of operation without dispersion at the IP.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT017  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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WEPOPT025 Flat Beam Generation with the Phase Space Rotation Technique at KEK-STF emittance, gun, experiment, cathode 1897
 
  • M. Kuriki, Z.J. Liptak
    HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
  • S. Aramoto
    Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
  • H. Hayano, X.J. Jin, Y. Seimiya, N. Yamamoto, Y. Yamamoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • S. Kashiwagi
    Tohoku University, Research Center for Electron Photon Science, Sendai, Japan
  • K. Sakaue
    The University of Tokyo, Graduate School of Engineering, Bunkyo, Japan
  • M. Washio
    RISE, Tokyo, Japan
  
  Flat beam generation from angular momentum dominated beam with a phase-space rotation technique is an unique method to manipulate the phase-space distribution of beam. As an application, the asymmetric emittance beam generation for linear colliders is considered to compensate the Beamstrahlung effect at Interaction point. By using this technique, the asymmetric beam can be generated directly with the injector, instead of radiation damping with a huge damping ring. We present the result of a proof-of-principle experiment at KEK-STF.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT025  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEPOPT036 Dependence of Beam Size Growth on Macro-Particle’s Initial Actions in Strong-Strong Beam-Beam Simulation for the Electron-Ion Collider simulation, electron, proton, emittance 1924
 
  • Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, J. Kewisch, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • B.R. Gamage, H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • Y. Hao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • G.H. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • V.S. Morozov
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • J. Qiang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collide polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with design luminosities up to 1×1034cm-2s-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We simulated the planned electron-proton collision of flat beams with Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than that from weak-strong simulation. To understand the numerical noises further, we calculate the beam size growth rate of macro-particles as function of their initial longitudinal and transverse actions. This method is applied to both strong-strong and weak-strong simulations. The purpose of this study is to identify which group of macro-particles contributes most of the artificial emittance growth in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT036  
About • Received ※ 22 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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WEPOPT038 Summary of Numerical Noise Studies for Electron-Ion Collider Strong-Strong Beam-Beam Simulation electron, proton, simulation, emittance 1931
 
  • Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, J. Kewisch, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • B.R. Gamage, H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • G.H. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • V.S. Morozov
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • J. Qiang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collide polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams, reaching luminosities up to 1×1034cm-2s-1 in center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We studied the planned electron-proton collisions using a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than in weak-strong simulation. To understand the numerical noise and its impact on strong-strong simulation results, we carried out extensive studies to identify all possible causes for artificial emittance growth and quantify their contributions. In this article, we summarize our study activities and findings. This work will help us better understand the simulated emittance growth and the limits of the PIC based strong-strong beam-beam simulation. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT038  
About • Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
WEPOPT040 Numerical Noise Error of Particle-In-Cell Poisson Solver for a Flat Gaussian Bunch simulation, proton, electron, emittance 1939
 
  • Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • Y. Hao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • V.S. Morozov
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • J. Qiang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collider polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with luminosity up to 1×1034cm-2s-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We simulated the planned electron-proton collision of flat beams with Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than that from weak-strong simulation. To better understand the emittance growth rate from the strong-strong simulation, we compare the beam-beam kicks between the PIC method and the analytical calculation and calculate the RMS variation in beam-beam kicks among 1000 sets of random Gaussian particle distributions. The impacts of macro-particle number, grid number, and bunch flatness are also studied. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT040  
About • Received ※ 23 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
Cite • reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)  
 
WEPOPT044 Electron-Ion Collider Design Status electron, hadron, storage-ring, simulation 1954
 
  • C. Montag, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, J.P. Jamilkowski, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, G.J. Mahler, D. Marx, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, M.P. Sangroula, S. Seletskiy, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, D. Xu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • S.V. Benson, B.R. Gamage, J.M. Grames, T.J. Michalski, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • A. Blednykh, D.M. Gassner, B. Podobedov, S. Verdú-Andrés
    Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
  • Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • E. Gianfelice-Wendt
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • F. Lin, V.S. Morozov
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • M.G. Signorelli
    Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported under Contract No. DE-SC0012704, Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, and Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is being designed for construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Activities have been focused on beam-beam simulations, polarization studies, and beam dynamics, as well as on maturing the layout and lattice design of the constituent accelerators and the interaction region. The latest design advances will be presented. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT044  
About • Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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WEPOPT049 Beam-Beam Interaction for Tilted Storage Rings cavity, simulation, electron, storage-ring 1968
 
  • D. Xu, D. Holmes, C. Montag, F.J. Willeke
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • Y. Hao
    FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
  • Y. Luo
    Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
  • J. Qiang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  In the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) design, to avoid vertical orbit bumps in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) at some crossing points with Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) to preserve the electron polarization, we plan to tilt the ESR plane by 200 ’rad with an axis connecting IP6 and IP8. In this article, we study the beam-beam interaction when two rings are not in the same plane. The Lorentz boost formula is derived and the required vertical crabbing strength is calculated to compensate the dynamic effect The strong-strong simulations are performed to validate the theory.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT049  
About • Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
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WEPOPT050 Detector Solenoid Compensation in the EIC Electron Storage Ring cavity, solenoid, detector, simulation 1972
 
  • D. Xu
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • Y. Luo
    Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
  
  The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) uses crab cavities to restore the geometrical luminosity loss. Due to the space limitation, the detector solenoid cannot be compensated locally. This paper presents the lattice design to compensate the detector solenoid without interfering the crab cavities. The skew quadrupoles are employed to avoid additional crab cavities. The correction scheme is checked by beam-beam simulation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT050  
About • Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022
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WEPOPT053 Characterisation of Cooling in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment emittance, solenoid, experiment, proton 1976
 
  • C.T. Rogers
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • M.A. Cummings
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  
  A high-energy muon collider could be the most powerful and cost-effective collider approach in the multi-TeV regime, and a neutrino source based on decay of an intense muon beam would be ideal for measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters. Muon beams may be created through the decay of pions produced in the interaction of a proton beam with a target. The muons are subsequently accelerated and injected into a storage ring where they decay producing a beam of neutrinos, or collide with counter-rotating antimuons. Cooling of the muon beam would enable more muons to be accelerated resulting in a more intense neutrino source and higher collider luminosity. Ionization cooling is the novel technique by which it is proposed to cool the beam. The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment collaboration has constructed a section of an ionization cooling cell and used it to provide the first demonstration of ionization cooling. Here the observation of ionization cooling is described. The results of the further analysis of the data is presented, including studies in different magnet configurations and with more detailed understanding of the detector systematic uncertainty.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT053  
About • Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEPOPT063 The FCCee Pre-Injector Complex positron, linac, electron, injection 2007
 
  • P. Craievich, B. Auchmann, S. Bettoni, H.-H. Braun, M. Duda, D. Hauenstein, E. Hohmann, R. Ischebeck, P.N. Juranič, J. Kosse, G.L. Orlandi, M. Pedrozzi, J.-Y. Raguin, S. Reiche, S.T. Sanfilippo, M. Schaer, N. Vallis, R. Zennaro
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • F. Alharthi, I. Chaikovska, S. Ogur
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  • W. Bartmann, M. Benedikt, M.I. Besana, M. Calviani, S. Döbert, Y. Dutheil, O. Etisken, J.L. Grenard, A. Grudiev, B. Humann, A. Latina, A. Lechner, K. Oide, A. Perillo-Marcone, H.W. Pommerenke, R.L. Ramjiawan, Y. Zhao, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A. De Santis
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  • Y. Enomoto, K. Furukawa, K. Oide
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • O. Etisken
    Kirikkale University, Kirikkale, Turkey
  • C. Milardi
    LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
  • T.O. Raubenheimer
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • N. Vallis
    EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
  
  The international FCC study group published in 2019 a Conceptual Design Report for an electron-positron collider with a centre-of-mass energy from 90 to 365 GeV with a beam currents of up to 1.4 A per beam. The high beam current of this collider create challenging requirements on the injection chain and all aspects of the linac need to be carefully reconsidered and revisited, including the injection time structure. The entire beam dynamics studies for the full linac, damping ring and transfer lines are major activities of the injector complex design. A key point is that any increase of positron production and capture efficiency reduces the cost and complexity of the driver linac, the heat and radiation load of the converter system, and increases the operational margin. In this paper we will give an overview of the status of the injector complex design and introduce the new layout that has been proposed by the study group working in the context of the CHART collaboration. In this framework, furthermore, we also present the preliminary studies of the FCC-ee positron source highlighting the main requirements and constraints.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT063  
About • Received ※ 11 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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WEPOTK025 Concepts and Considerations for FCC-ee Top-Up Injection Strategies injection, septum, kicker, multipole 2106
 
  • R.L. Ramjiawan, W. Bartmann, Y. Dutheil, M. Hofer
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • M. Aiba
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • P.J. Hunchak
    University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
  • P.J. Hunchak
    CLS, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
  
  The Future Circular electron-positron Collider (FCC-ee) is proposed to operate in four modes, with beam energies from 45.6 GeV (Z-pole) to 182.5 GeV (tt-bar production) and luminosities up to 4.6×1036 cm2s-1. At the highest energies the beam lifetime would be less than one hour, meaning that top-up injection will be crucial to maximise the integrated luminosity. Two top-up injection strategies are considered here: conventional injection, employing a closed orbit bump and septum, and multipole-kicker injection, with a pulsed multipole magnet and septum. On-axis and off-axis injections are considered for both. We present a comparison of these injection strategies taking into account aspects such as spatial constraints, machine protection, disturbance to the stored beam and injection efficiency. We overview potential kicker and septum technologies for each.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK025  
About • Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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WEPOTK062 Intrabunch Motion with Both Impedance and Beam-Beam Using the Circulant Matrix Approach coupling, impedance, proton, emittance 2209
 
  • E. Métral, X. Buffat
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  In high-intensity high-brightness circular colliders such as the CERN LHC, coherent beam-beam effects and impedance cannot be treated independently. Coherent beam-beam dipole modes can couple with higher order head-tail modes and lead to the transverse mode coupling instability of colliding beams. This mechanism has been analysed in detail in the past through the eigenvalues, which describe the evolution of the beam oscillation mode-frequency shifts. In this contribution, the transverse mode coupling instability of colliding beams is studied using the eigenvectors, which describe the evolution of the intrabunch motion. As this instability exhibits several mode couplings and mode decouplings, the evolution of the intrabunch motion reveals quite some interesting features (such as a propagation of the traveling-wave not only from the head to the tail but also from the tail to the head and similar intrabunch signals for some mode coupling and mode decoupling), which are compared to past predictions in the presence of impedance only.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK062  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 03 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
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WEPOMS045 Modeling and Mitigation of Long-Range Wakefields for Advanced Linear Colliders linac, wakefield, HOM, dipole 2350
 
  • F. Bosco, M. Carillo, L. Giuliano, M. Migliorati, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo
    Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
  • O. Camacho, A. Fukasawa, N. Majernik, J.B. Rosenzweig
    UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
  • E. Chiadroni, B. Spataro, C. Vaccarezza
    LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
  • L. Faillace, A. Giribono
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  
  Funding: This work is supported by DARPA under Contract N.HR001120C0072, by DOE Contract DE-SC0009914 and DE-SC0020409, by the National Science Foundation Grant N.PHY-1549132 and by INFN.
The luminosity requirements of TeV-class linear colliders demand use of intense charged beams at high repetition rates. Such features imply multi-bunch operation with long current trains accelerated over the km length scale. Consequently, particle beams are exposed to the mutual parasitic interaction due to the long-range wakefields excited by the leading bunches in the accelerating structures. Such perturbations to the motion induce transverse oscillations of the bunches, potentially leading to instabilities such as transverse beam break-up. Here we present a dedicated tracking code that studies the effects of long-range transverse wakefield interaction among different bunches in linear accelerators. Being described by means of an efficient matrix formalism, such effects can be included while preserving short computational times. As a reference case, we use our code to investigate the performance of a state-of-the-art linear collider currently under design and, in addition, we discuss possible mitigation techniques based on frequency detuning and damping. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS045  
About • Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
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WEPOMS046 Machine Learning-Based Modeling of Muon Beam Ionization Cooling emittance, simulation, target, lattice 2354
 
  • E. Fol, D. Schulte
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • C.T. Rogers
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  
  Surrogate modeling can lead to significant improvements of beam dynamics simulations in terms of computational time and resources. Application of supervised machine learning, using collected simulation data allows to build surrogate models which can estimate beam parameters evolution based on the provided cooling channel design. The created models help to understand the correlations between different lattice components and the importance of specific beam properties for the cooling performance. We present the application of surrogate modeling to enhance final muon cooling design studies, demonstrating the potential of such approach to be integrated into the design and optimization of other components of future colliders.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS046  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 28 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 04 July 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
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WEPOMS047 Automated Design and Optimization of the Final Cooling for a Muon Collider emittance, simulation, solenoid, optics 2358
 
  • E. Fol, D. Schulte, B. Stechauner
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • C.T. Rogers
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • J. Schieck
    HEPHY, Wien, Austria
  
  The desired beam emittance for a Muon collider is several orders of magnitude less than the one of the muon beams produced at the front-end target. Ionization cooling has been demonstrated as a suitable technique for the reduction of the muon beam emittance. Final cooling, as one of the most critical stages of the muon collider complex, necessitates careful design and optimization in order to control the beam dynamics and ensure efficient emittance reduction. We present an optimization framework based on ICool simulation code and application of different optimization algorithms, to automatize the choice of optimal initial muon beam parameters and simultaneous tuning of numerous final cooling components.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS047  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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WEPOMS052 Impacts of an ATS Lattice on EIC Dynamic Aperture sextupole, lattice, electron, optics 2373
 
  • J.E. Unger, J.A. Crittenden, G.H. Hoffstaetter
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • D. Marx
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  
  The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) project at Brookhaven National Laboratory has explored strategies for increasing the energy aperture of the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) to meet the goal of 1\% for the 90 degree lattice at 18 GeV. Current strategies use a four sextupole family per arc correction scheme to increase the energy aperture and to keep the transverse aperture sufficiently large as well. A scheme called Achromatic Telescopic Squeezing (ATS), first introduced for the Large Hadron Collider, introduces a beta-beat into select arcs, allowing dynamic aperture optimizations with different sextupole strengths. The ATS scheme’s mix of some higher beta-function and some lower sextupole strengths in the arcs has the potential to increase the energy aperture. Basic chromatic corrections and numeric optimizations were used to compare the ATS optics to a non-ATS scheme. In all cases, the ATS scheme performed similarly or better than the more common schemes. However, this increase in energy aperture from the ATS optics also has negative effects, such as an increase in emittance which poses complications for the current ESR design.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOMS052  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
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THPOTK019 Collider NICA Power Supply Magnet System power-supply, controls, superconducting-magnet, focusing 2806
 
  • V. Karpinsky, R.M. Ahmadrizyalov, S.A. Arefev, A.V. Butenko, A.V. Karavaev, S.V. Kirov, A.V. Kopchenov, A.A. Kozlykovskaya, T.A. Kulaeva, A.L. Osipenkov, A.V. Sergeev, A.A. Shurygin, E. Syresin, V.G. Tovstuha, N.V. Travin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • M.I. Kuznetsov
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  
  A power supply system for Collider structural magnets is considered, which consists of precision current sources, energy evacuation devices for superconducting elements, additional sources, and control and monitoring equipment. The status of the equipment and the plan of its placement in Collider bld. 17 are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK019  
About • Received ※ 02 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022  
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THPOTK048 Radiation Load Studies for the FCC-ee Positron Source with a Superconducting Matching Device target, positron, shielding, electron 2879
 
  • B. Humann
    TU Vienna, Wien, Austria
  • B. Auchmann, J. Kosse
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • I. Chaikovska, S. Ogur
    Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, Orsay, France
  • B. Humann, A. Latina, A. Lechner, Y. Zhao
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  
  For an electron-positron collider like FCC-ee, the production of positrons plays a crucial role. One of the design options considered for the FCC-ee positron source employs a superconducting solenoid made of HTS coils as an adiabatic matching device. The solenoid, which is placed around the production target, is needed to capture positrons before they can be accelerated in a linear accelerator. A superconducting solenoid yields a higher peak field than a conventional-normal conducting magnetic flux concentrator, therefore increasing the achievable positron yield. In order to achieve an acceptable positron production, the considered target is made of tungsten-rhenium, which gives also a significant flux of un-wanted secondary particles, that in turn could generate a too large radiation load on the superconducting coils. In this study, we assess the feasibility of such a positron source by studying the heat load and long-term radiation damage in the superconducting matching device and surrounding structures. Results are presented for different geometric configurations of the superconducting matching device.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK048  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 07 July 2022
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THPOTK052 Muon Collider Graphite Target Studies and Demonstrator Layout Possibilities at CERN target, proton, shielding, radiation 2895
 
  • F.J. Saura Esteban, M. Calviani, D. Calzolari, R. Franqueira Ximenes, A.M. Krainer, A. Lechner, R. Losito, D. Schulte
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • C.T. Rogers
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  
  Muon colliders offer enormous potential for research of the particle physics frontier. Leptons can be accelerated without suffering large synchrotron radiation losses. The International Muon Collider Collaboration is considering 3 and 10 TeV (CM) machines for a conceptual stage. In the core of the Muon Collider facility lays a MW class production target, which will absorb a high power (1 and 3 MW) proton beam to produce muons via pion decay. The target must withstand high dynamic thermal loads induced by 2 ns pulses at 5-50 Hz. Also, operational reliability must be guaranteed to reduce target exchanges to a minimum. Several technologies for these systems are being studied in different laboratories. We present in this paper the results of a preliminary feasibility study of a graphite-based target, and the different layouts under study for a demonstrator target complex at CERN. Synergies with advanced nuclear systems are being explored for the development of a liquid metal target.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK052  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022
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THPOMS057 Using Co-Moving Collisions in a Gear-Changing System to Measure Fusion Cross-Sections luminosity, neutron, experiment, ECR 3105
 
  • E.A. Nissen
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  Funding: Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a license to publish or reproduce this manuscript.
In this work we look at a possible use for a system that collides beams moving in the same direction using a gear-changing synchronization method as a means of measuring low energy phenomena, such as fusion cross sections. Depending on the energies used this process will allow for interactions for any desired charge state of the target nuclei. Earlier concepts for low energy interactions to study focused on beams crossing at an angle to give the low energy interactions, as well as general investigations of comoving collisions. This proposal would use gear-changing, a method involving two different harmonic numbers of bunches in each collider ring, to have the same types of collisions, with a luminosity equal that of a head-on machine. In this work we detail the design considerations for such a machine, leveraging experimental experience with a co-moving, gear-changing system. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS057  
About • Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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FRPLYGD1 Towards Efficient Particle Accelerators - A Review cavity, cryogenics, radiation, luminosity 3141
 
  • M. Seidel
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  
  Sustainability has become an important aspect of all human activities, and also for accelerator driven research infrastructures. For new facilities it is mandatory to optimize power consumption and overall sustainability. This presentation will give an overview of the power efficiency of accelerator concepts and relevant technologies. Conceptual aspects will be discussed for proton driver accelerators, light sources and particle colliders. Several accelerator technologies are particularly relevant for power efficiency. These are utilized across the various facility concepts and include superconducting RF and cryogenic systems, RF sources, energy efficient magnets, conventional cooling and heat recovery. Power efficiency has been a topic in the European programs EUCARD-2, ARIES and the ongoing I.FAST project and the documentation of these programs is a related source of information.  
slides icon Slides FRPLYGD1 [4.531 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-FRPLYGD1  
About • Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
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