IPAC2022 - List of Keywords (neutron)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPOST016	Proton Linac Design for the High Brilliance Neutron Source HBS	cavity, rfq, linac, proton	90
	M. Schwarz, M. Droba, K. Kümpel, S. Lamprecht, O. Meusel, N.F. Petry, H. Podlech IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany J. Baggemann, Th. Brückel, T. Gutberlet, E. Mauerhofer, U. Rücker, A. Schwab, P. Zakalek JCNS, Jülich, Germany J. Li IEK, Jülich, Germany C. Zhang GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Due to the decommissioning of several reactors, only about half of the neutrons will be available for research in Europe in the next decade despite the commissioning of the ESS. High-Current Accelerator-driven Neutron Sources (HiCANS) could fill this gap. The High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) currently under development at Forschungszentrum Jülich is scalable in terms of beam energy and power due to its modular design. The driver linac will accelerate a 100 mA proton beam to 70 MeV. The linac is operated with a beam duty cycle of up to 13.6 % (15.3 % RF duty cycle) and can simultaneously deliver three pulse lengths (208 µs, 833 µs and 2 ms) for three neutron target stations. In order to minimize the development effort and the technological risk, state-of-the-art technology of the MYRRHA injector is used. The HBS linac consists of a front end (ECR source, LEBT, 2.5 MeV double RFQ) and a CH-DTL section with 44 room temperature CH-cavities. All RF structures are operated at 176.1 MHz and are designed for high duty cycle. Solid-state amplifiers up to 500 kW are used as RF drivers. Due to the beam current and the high average beam power of up to 952 kW, particular attention is paid to beam dynamics. In order to minimize beam losses, a quasi-periodic lattice with constant negative phase is used. This paper describes the conceptual design and the challenges of a modern high-power and high-current proton accelerator with high reliability and availability.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST016
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 July 2022
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MOPOMS039	Study of Material Choice in Beam Dumps for Energetic Electron Beams	electron, target, linac, scattering	721
	D. Zhu, R.T. Dowd, Y.E. Tan AS - ANSTO, Clayton, Australia
	Lead is typically used as the initial target in a design for beam dumps for high energy electron beams (>20 MeV). Electron beams with energies above 20 MeV are usually built within concrete bunkers and therefore the design of any beam dump would just be a lead block (very cost effective) as close to the electron source as possible, after a vacuum flange of some sort. In a study of a hypothetical 100 MeV electron beam inside a concrete bunker with an extremely low dose rate constraint outside the bunker, the thickness of lead required would have been too restrictive for a compact design. In this study we investigate the potential benefits of designs that incorpo-rate low Z materials like graphite as the primary target material in vacuum followed by progressively higher Z materials up to lead. The results show the more diffuse elastic scattering from the primary target reduces the back scattered photons and reduces the overall neutron genera-tion. The effect was a more compact design for the beam dump to meet the same dose rate constraint.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS039
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 June 2022
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MOPOMS041	Concrete Shielding Activation for Proton Therapy Systems Using BDSIM and FISPACT-II	proton, shielding, septum, simulation	728
	E. Ramoisiaux, E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly, R. Tesse, M. Vanwelde ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium C. Hernalsteens CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland F. Stichelbaut IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	Proton therapy systems are used worldwide for patient treatment and fundamental research. The generation of secondary particles when the beam interacts with the beamline elements is a well-known issue. In particular, the energy degrader is the dominant source of secondary radiation. This poses new challenges for the concrete shielding of compact systems and beamline elements activation computation. We use a novel methodology to seamlessly simulate all the processes relevant to the activation evaluation. A realistic model of the system is developed using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM), a Geant4-based particle tracking code that allows a single model to simulate primary and secondary particle tracking and all particle-matter interactions. The secondary particle fluxes extracted from the simulations are provided as input to FISPACT-II to compute the activation by solving the rate equations. This approach is applied to the Ion Beam Applications (IBA) Proteus®ONE (P1) system and the shielding of the proton therapy research centre of Charleroi, Belgium. Proton loss distributions are used to model the production of secondary neutrals inside the accelerator structure. Two models for the distribution of proton losses are compared for the computation of the clearance index at specific locations of the design. Results show that the variation in the accelerator loss models can be characterised as a systematic error.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS041
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
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TUIYGD1	The Status of the ESS Project	target, ion-source, cryomodule, linac	792
	A. Jansson ESS, Lund, Sweden
	Funding: Talk given on behalf of the ESS Accelerator Collaboration. The European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will be the world’s most powerful linear accelerator driving a neutron spallation source, with an ultimate beam average power of 5 MW at 2.0 GeV. The LINAC accelerates a proton beam of 62.5 mA peak current at 4 % duty cycle (2.86 ms at 14 Hz). The accelerator uses a normal conducting front-end bring-ing the beam energy to 90 MeV, beyond that the accelera-tion up to 2 GeV is performed using superconducting structures. The accelerator is built by a European collabo-ration consisting of 23 European institutes delivering in-kind contributions of most hardware but also of services for installation and testing. More than half of the original 510 Mâ¬ for the accelerator budget being in form of in-kind contributions. This talk will give an overview of the status of the ESS accelerator and comment on the chal-lenges the accelerator collaboration has encountered and how we together are addressing these challenges.
	Slides TUIYGD1 [23.318 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUIYGD1
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022
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TUPOTK004	Time Resolved Field Emission Detection During ESS Cryomodule Tests	cavity, cryomodule, radiation, electron	1192
	E. Cenni, G. Devanz, O. Piquet CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France M. Baudrier, L. Maurice CEA-DRF-IRFU, France
	At CEA-Saclay we are currently testing the European Spallation Source (ESS) high beta cryomodules (CM). Each cryomodule is equipped with four superconducting elliptical cavities with their ancillaries (fundamental power couplers (FPC), frequency tuners and magnetic shields). The cavity are designed to accelerate protons with relativistic speed about β=0.86 and operate at an accelerating field of 19.9MV/m. During cryomodule test, operational parameters are inspected by powering up one cavity at the time. A dedicated gamma ray detection system has been designed and installed around the cryomodule in order to have a more precise insight into field emission phenomenon occurring during cryomodule operation. Recently we were able to obtain time resolved data concerning radiation emerging from the cavities due to field emission.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK004
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022
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TUPOMS041	High Power RF-Cavity Development for the HBS-Driver LINAC	cavity, heavy-ion, linac, operation	1516
	M. Basten, K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, M. Vossberg, S. Yaramyshev GSI, Darmstadt, Germany K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu HIM, Mainz, Germany K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, F.D. Dziuba, S. Lauber, J. List KPH, Mainz, Germany T. Gutberlet JCNS, Jülich, Germany H. Podlech IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany H. Podlech HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	Neutron research in Europe is mainly based on various nuclear reactors that will be successively decommissioned over the next years. This means that despite the commissioning of the European Spallation Source ESS, many neutron research centres, especially in the medium flux regime, will disappear. In response to this situation, the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) has begun the development of a scalable, compact, accelerator-based High Brilliance neutron Source (HBS). A total of three different neutron target stations are planned, which can be operated with a 100 mA proton beam of up to 70 MeV and a duty cycle of up to 6%. The driver Linac consists of an Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source followed by a LEBT section, a 2.5 MeV double Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and 35 normal conducting (NC) Crossbar H-Mode (CH) cavities. The development of the cavities is carried out by the Institute for Applied Physics (IAP) at the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main. Due to the high beam current, all cavities as well as the associated tuners and couplers have to be optimised for operation under high thermal load to ensure safe operation. In collaboration with the GSI Centre for Heavy Ion Research as the ideal test facility for high power tests, two cavities and the associated hardware are being designed and will be tested. The design and latest status of both cavities will be presented in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS041
About •	Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
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TUPOMS042	Cavity R&D for HBS Accelerator	cavity, simulation, brilliance, proton	1520
	N.F. Petry, K. Kümpel, S. Lamprecht, O. Meusel, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
	The demand for neutrons of various types for research is growing day by day worldwide. To meet the growing demand the Jülich High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) is in development. It is based on a high power linear proton accelerator with an end energy of 70 MeV and a proton beam current of 100 mA. After the injector and the MEBT is the main part of the accelerator, which consists of about 36 CH-type cavities. The design of the CH-type cavities will be optimized in terms of required power, required cooling and reliability and the recent results will be presented in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS042
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022
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WEOXSP1	Proposal for a Compact Neutron Generator Based on a Negative Deuterium Ion Beam	target, ion-source, electron, radiation	1599
	K. Jimbo, T. Shirai QST-NIRS, Chiba, Japan K. Leung LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA K.A. Van Bibber UCB, Berkeley, California, USA
	Interest in high intensity generators of neutrons for basic and applied science has been growing, and thus the demand for an economical neutron generator has been growing. A major driver for the development of high intensity neutron generators are studies of neutron disturbance in integrated circuits, for which a compact generator that can be easily accommodated in an ordinary size lab would be highly desirable. We have investigated possible designs for neutron generators based on the D-D fusion reaction, which produce direction dependent mono-energetic neutrons with carry-off energy larger than 2.45 MeV. Specifically, we find a negative deuterium ion beam most attractive for this application, and plan to construct such a system with a negative deuterium ion beam of 200 keV energy and 100 mA current as a prototype of this concept.
	Slides WEOXSP1 [2.581 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEOXSP1
About •	Received ※ 17 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022
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WEPOST002	Synchrotron Radiation Impact on the FCC-ee Arcs	shielding, radiation, electron, electronics	1675
	B. Humann TU Vienna, Wien, Austria F. Cerutti, B. Humann, R. Kersevan CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Synchrotron radiation (SR) emitted by electron and positrons beams represents a major loss source in high energy circular colliders, such as the lepton version of the Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee) at CERN. In particular, for the operation mode at 182.5 GeV (above the top pair threshold), its spectrum makes it penetrate well beyond the vacuum chamber walls. In order to optimize its containment, dedicated absorbers are envisaged. In this contribution we report the energy deposition studies performed with FLUKA to assess heat load, time-integrated dose, power density and particle fluence distribution in the machine components and the surrounding environment. Different choices for the absorber material were considered and shielding options for electronics were investigated. Furthermore, possible positions for the booster ring were reviewed from the radiation exposure point of view.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST002
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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THPOST035	Status of the Engineering Design of the IFMIF-DONES High Energy Beam Transport Line and Beam Dump System	vacuum, target, beam-transport, diagnostics	2520
	D. Sánchez-Herranz, O. Nomen, M. Sanmartí, B.K. Singh IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain F. Arranz, C. Oliver, I. Podadera CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain P. Cara IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan V. Hauer KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany F. Ogando UNED, Madrid, Spain D. Sánchez-Herranz UGR, Granada, Spain
	Funding: Work performed within framework of EUROfusion Consortium, funded by European Union via Euratom Research & Training Programme (Grant Agreement 101052200’EUROfusion). Views & opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither European Union nor European Commission can be held responsible for them. IFMIF-DONES plant (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility ’ DEMO Oriented Neutron Source) will be an installation located in the south of Spain at Granada. Its objective is the fusion material testing by the generation of a neutron flux with a broad energy distribution covering the typical neutron spectrum of a (D-T) fusion reactor. This is achieved by the Li(d, xn) nuclear reactions occurring in a liquid lithium target where a 40 MeV at 125 mA deuteron beam with a variable rectangular beam footprint between 100mm x 50mm and 200mm x 50mm collides. The accelerator system is in charge of providing such high energy deuterons in order to produce the required neutron flux. The High Energy Beam Transport line is the last subsystem of the IFMIF-DONES accelerator and its main functions are to guide the deuteron beam towards the liquid lithium target and to shape it with the required rectangular reference beam footprint. The present work details the status of the HEBT engineering design, including beam dynamics, vacuum configuration, radioprotection, beam diagnostics devices and remote handling analyses performed detailing the layout and integration.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST035
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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THPOST037	Analysis with MECAmaster on the Chain of Design Tolerances for the Target Systems at the European Spallation Source - ESS	alignment, shielding, target, interface	2524
	A. Bignami, N. Gazis, S. Ghatnekar Nilsson ESS, Lund, Sweden B. Nicquevert CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The European Spallation Source - ESS, has achieved its major construction in Lund, Sweden and is currently continuing in parallel to commissioning its first systems. ESS is characterized by installing and commissioning the most powerful proton LINear ACcelerator (LINAC) designed for neutron production and a 5MW Target system for the production of pulsed neutrons from spallation. The highly challenging and complex design of the Target and Neutron Scattering System (NSS) requires an in-depth analysis of the impact of the stringent manufacturing requirements and tight design tolerances. A campaign of several MECAmaster simulations was performed by ESS Target Division (TD) and Engineering and Integration Support (EIS) Division, focusing on those components that successively come close to their installation and are known for their criticality in terms of achieving the final installation tolerances. The aim of this current study is to investigate and statistically list the possibilities of eventual criticality on the assembly and installation processes, allowing for potential design optimization, tooling implementation and adjustment of the installation procedures.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST037
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022
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THPOMS023	Design of the 590 MeV Proton Beamline for the Proposed TATTOOS Isotope Production Target at PSI	proton, target, simulation, site	3000
	M. Hartmann, D.C. Kiselev, D. Reggiani, M. Seidel, J. Snuverink, H. Zhang PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	IMPACT (Isotope and Muon Production with Advanced Cyclotron and Target Technologies) is a proposed initiative envisaged for the high-intensity proton accelerator facility (HIPA) at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). As part of IMPACT, a radioisotope target station, TATTOOS (Targeted Alpha Tumour Therapy and Other Oncological Solutions) will allow the production of terbium radionuclides for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. The proposed TATTOOS beamline and target will be located near the UCN (Ultra Cold Neutron source) target area, branching off from the main UCN beamline. In particular, the beamline is intended to operate at a beam intensity of 100 µA, requiring a continuous splitting of the main beam via an electrostatic splitter. Realistic beam loss simulations to verify safe operation have been performed and optimised using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM), a Geant4 based tool enabling the simulation of beam transportation through magnets and particle passage through the accelerator. In this study, beam profiles, beam transmission and power deposits are generated and studied.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS023
About •	Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 31 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 July 2022
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THPOMS038	Spallation Target Optimization for ADS by Monte Carlo Codes	target, proton, experiment, site	3049
	MumyapanM. Mumyapan, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, H. Namgoong SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	Accelerator Driven Systems are advanced systems for the use of Thorium as fuel, aiming to reduce nuclear waste through transmutation. The spallation target, which is responsible for producing neutrons, is one of the main parts of the ADS system. In this research, neutronic parameters of spallation targets consisting of several materials LBE, Mercury, Lead, Mercury on the cylindrical, box, and conic shapes using Monte Carlo codes (FLUKA, PHITS, MCNPX) was investigated. Energy Deposition and spallation neutron yield of spallation target with different shapes and dimensions have been calculated to optimization of the target. According to the results, the neutron yield values from MCNPX and PHITS are similar and it’s close to the experimental result. On the other hand, the error rate of the values in FLUKA is higher.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS038
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
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THPOMS043	Mu*STAR: Superconducting Accelerator Driven Subcritical Molten Salt Nuclear Power Plants	target, site, operation, extraction	3067
	R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, J.D. Lobo, T.J. Roberts Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	The MuSTAR Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is a transformational and disruptive concept using advances in superconducting accelerator technology to burn spent nuclear fuel (SNF) to close the fuel cycle and to eliminate need for uranium enrichment. One linac drives multiple MuSTAR Small Modular Reactors (SMR) using subcritical molten salt fueled reactors with an internal spallation neutron target. Neutrons initiate fission chains that die out in the subcritical core. That means intrinsic immunity to criticality accidents. This new way to make nuclear energy employs continuous online removal of all fission products from molten salt fuel volatiles removed by helium purge gas. This reduces chance of accidental release. Non-volatiles removed by vortex separators, allowing complete burning of SNF.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS043
About •	Received ※ 09 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022
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THPOMS047	Design of Radiation Shielding for the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory	radiation, shielding, electron, photon	3073
	P. Jaikaew, N. Khangrang Chiang Mai University, PBP Research Facility, Chiang Mai, Thailand M. Jitvisate Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand S. Rimjaem Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand S. Rimjaem ThEP Center, Commission on Higher Education, Bangkok, Thailand
	The local radiation shielding is designed for the electron linear accelerator beam dump at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory (PCELL) with the aim to control the annual ambient dose equivalent during the operation. The study of radiation generation and design of radiation shielding is conducted based on the Monte Carlo simulation toolkit GEANT4. The study results include an annual ambient dose equivalent map and design of local shielding for the first bam dump downstream the linac section. With this design, the leaking radiation outside the accelerator hall is completely blocked and the average annual ambient dose equivalent on the rooftop of the hall is within the IAEA safety limit for the supervised area. The shielding model will then be used as a guideline for the construction in the near future.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS047
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022
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THPOMS050	Design of Linac Based Neutron Source	target, electron, photon, linac	3084
	N. Upadhyay, S. Chacko University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India A.P. Deshpande, T.S. Dixit, R. Krishnan SAMEER, Mumbai, India
	Neutron sources are of great utility for various applications, especially in the fields of nuclear medicine, nuclear energy and imaging. At SAMEER, we have designed a linear electron accelerator based neutron source via photo-neutron generation. The accelerator is a 15 MeV linac with both photon and electron mode and is capable of delivering high beam current to achieve beam power of 1 to 2 kW. Efforts are in place to achieve further higher beam powers. 15 MeV electrons are incident on a bremsstrahlung target followed by a secondary target to achieve neutrons. To further optimize and enhance the neutron yield, backing material is provided. In this paper, we present the simulation of (e, g) and (g, n) processes using the Monte Carlo code FLUKA. The optimization of Tungsten as the convertor target whereas of the Beryllium as the neutron target is discussed in detail. We have explored various backing materials in order to optimize the total neutron yield as well as the thermal neutron yield. The simulation results have been considered for the finalisation of all material parameters for the set-up of this neutron source activity.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS050
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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THPOMS051	Study on Construction of an Additional Beamline for a Compact Neutron Source Using a 30 Mev Proton Cyclotron	target, proton, beam-transport, cyclotron	3087
	Y. Kuriyama, M. Hino, Y. Iwashita, R.N. Nakamura, H. Tanaka Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	The Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University (KURNS) has been actively using neutrons extracted from the research reactor (KUR) for collaborative research. Since the operation of KUR is scheduled to be terminated in 2026 according to the current reactor operation plan, the development of a general-purpose neutron source using the 30 MeV proton cyclotron (HM-30) installed at KURNS for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) research has been discussed as an alternative neutron source. In this presentation, we report on the conceptual design of an additional beamline for a compact neutron source using this cyclotron.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS051
About •	Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022
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THPOMS057	Using Co-Moving Collisions in a Gear-Changing System to Measure Fusion Cross-Sections	luminosity, experiment, collider, ECR	3105
	E.A. Nissen JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a license to publish or reproduce this manuscript. In this work we look at a possible use for a system that collides beams moving in the same direction using a gear-changing synchronization method as a means of measuring low energy phenomena, such as fusion cross sections. Depending on the energies used this process will allow for interactions for any desired charge state of the target nuclei. Earlier concepts for low energy interactions to study focused on beams crossing at an angle to give the low energy interactions, as well as general investigations of comoving collisions. This proposal would use gear-changing, a method involving two different harmonic numbers of bunches in each collider ring, to have the same types of collisions, with a luminosity equal that of a head-on machine. In this work we detail the design considerations for such a machine, leveraging experimental experience with a co-moving, gear-changing system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS057
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPOST016

Proton Linac Design for the High Brilliance Neutron Source HBS

cavity, rfq, linac, proton

90

M. Schwarz, M. Droba, K. Kümpel, S. Lamprecht, O. Meusel, N.F. Petry, H. Podlech
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
J. Baggemann, Th. Brückel, T. Gutberlet, E. Mauerhofer, U. Rücker, A. Schwab, P. Zakalek
JCNS, Jülich, Germany
J. Li
IEK, Jülich, Germany
C. Zhang
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Due to the decommissioning of several reactors, only about half of the neutrons will be available for research in Europe in the next decade despite the commissioning of the ESS. High-Current Accelerator-driven Neutron Sources (HiCANS) could fill this gap. The High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) currently under development at Forschungszentrum Jülich is scalable in terms of beam energy and power due to its modular design. The driver linac will accelerate a 100 mA proton beam to 70 MeV. The linac is operated with a beam duty cycle of up to 13.6 % (15.3 % RF duty cycle) and can simultaneously deliver three pulse lengths (208 µs, 833 µs and 2 ms) for three neutron target stations. In order to minimize the development effort and the technological risk, state-of-the-art technology of the MYRRHA injector is used. The HBS linac consists of a front end (ECR source, LEBT, 2.5 MeV double RFQ) and a CH-DTL section with 44 room temperature CH-cavities. All RF structures are operated at 176.1 MHz and are designed for high duty cycle. Solid-state amplifiers up to 500 kW are used as RF drivers. Due to the beam current and the high average beam power of up to 952 kW, particular attention is paid to beam dynamics. In order to minimize beam losses, a quasi-periodic lattice with constant negative phase is used. This paper describes the conceptual design and the challenges of a modern high-power and high-current proton accelerator with high reliability and availability.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOST016

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 11 July 2022

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MOPOMS039

Study of Material Choice in Beam Dumps for Energetic Electron Beams

electron, target, linac, scattering

721

D. Zhu, R.T. Dowd, Y.E. Tan
AS - ANSTO, Clayton, Australia

Lead is typically used as the initial target in a design for beam dumps for high energy electron beams (>20 MeV). Electron beams with energies above 20 MeV are usually built within concrete bunkers and therefore the design of any beam dump would just be a lead block (very cost effective) as close to the electron source as possible, after a vacuum flange of some sort. In a study of a hypothetical 100 MeV electron beam inside a concrete bunker with an extremely low dose rate constraint outside the bunker, the thickness of lead required would have been too restrictive for a compact design. In this study we investigate the potential benefits of designs that incorpo-rate low Z materials like graphite as the primary target material in vacuum followed by progressively higher Z materials up to lead. The results show the more diffuse elastic scattering from the primary target reduces the back scattered photons and reduces the overall neutron genera-tion. The effect was a more compact design for the beam dump to meet the same dose rate constraint.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS039

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 09 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 19 June 2022

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MOPOMS041

Concrete Shielding Activation for Proton Therapy Systems Using BDSIM and FISPACT-II

proton, shielding, septum, simulation

728

E. Ramoisiaux, E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly, R. Tesse, M. Vanwelde
ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
C. Hernalsteens
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
F. Stichelbaut
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

Proton therapy systems are used worldwide for patient treatment and fundamental research. The generation of secondary particles when the beam interacts with the beamline elements is a well-known issue. In particular, the energy degrader is the dominant source of secondary radiation. This poses new challenges for the concrete shielding of compact systems and beamline elements activation computation. We use a novel methodology to seamlessly simulate all the processes relevant to the activation evaluation. A realistic model of the system is developed using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM), a Geant4-based particle tracking code that allows a single model to simulate primary and secondary particle tracking and all particle-matter interactions. The secondary particle fluxes extracted from the simulations are provided as input to FISPACT-II to compute the activation by solving the rate equations. This approach is applied to the Ion Beam Applications (IBA) Proteus®ONE (P1) system and the shielding of the proton therapy research centre of Charleroi, Belgium. Proton loss distributions are used to model the production of secondary neutrals inside the accelerator structure. Two models for the distribution of proton losses are compared for the computation of the clearance index at specific locations of the design. Results show that the variation in the accelerator loss models can be characterised as a systematic error.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOMS041

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Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022

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TUIYGD1

The Status of the ESS Project

target, ion-source, cryomodule, linac

792

A. Jansson
ESS, Lund, Sweden

Funding: Talk given on behalf of the ESS Accelerator Collaboration.
The European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will be the world’s most powerful linear accelerator driving a neutron spallation source, with an ultimate beam average power of 5 MW at 2.0 GeV. The LINAC accelerates a proton beam of 62.5 mA peak current at 4 % duty cycle (2.86 ms at 14 Hz). The accelerator uses a normal conducting front-end bring-ing the beam energy to 90 MeV, beyond that the accelera-tion up to 2 GeV is performed using superconducting structures. The accelerator is built by a European collabo-ration consisting of 23 European institutes delivering in-kind contributions of most hardware but also of services for installation and testing. More than half of the original 510 Mâ¬ for the accelerator budget being in form of in-kind contributions. This talk will give an overview of the status of the ESS accelerator and comment on the chal-lenges the accelerator collaboration has encountered and how we together are addressing these challenges.

Slides TUIYGD1 [23.318 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUIYGD1

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 20 June 2022

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TUPOTK004

Time Resolved Field Emission Detection During ESS Cryomodule Tests

cavity, cryomodule, radiation, electron

1192

E. Cenni, G. Devanz, O. Piquet
CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
M. Baudrier, L. Maurice
CEA-DRF-IRFU, France

At CEA-Saclay we are currently testing the European Spallation Source (ESS) high beta cryomodules (CM). Each cryomodule is equipped with four superconducting elliptical cavities with their ancillaries (fundamental power couplers (FPC), frequency tuners and magnetic shields). The cavity are designed to accelerate protons with relativistic speed about β=0.86 and operate at an accelerating field of 19.9MV/m. During cryomodule test, operational parameters are inspected by powering up one cavity at the time. A dedicated gamma ray detection system has been designed and installed around the cryomodule in order to have a more precise insight into field emission phenomenon occurring during cryomodule operation. Recently we were able to obtain time resolved data concerning radiation emerging from the cavities due to field emission.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK004

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022

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TUPOMS041

High Power RF-Cavity Development for the HBS-Driver LINAC

cavity, heavy-ion, linac, operation

1516

M. Basten, K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu, M. Vossberg, S. Yaramyshev
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, M. Basten, C. Burandt, F.D. Dziuba, V. Gettmann, T. Kürzeder, S. Lauber, J. List, M. Miski-Oglu
HIM, Mainz, Germany
K. Aulenbacher, W.A. Barth, F.D. Dziuba, S. Lauber, J. List
KPH, Mainz, Germany
T. Gutberlet
JCNS, Jülich, Germany
H. Podlech
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
H. Podlech
HFHF, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

Neutron research in Europe is mainly based on various nuclear reactors that will be successively decommissioned over the next years. This means that despite the commissioning of the European Spallation Source ESS, many neutron research centres, especially in the medium flux regime, will disappear. In response to this situation, the Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) has begun the development of a scalable, compact, accelerator-based High Brilliance neutron Source (HBS). A total of three different neutron target stations are planned, which can be operated with a 100 mA proton beam of up to 70 MeV and a duty cycle of up to 6%. The driver Linac consists of an Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source followed by a LEBT section, a 2.5 MeV double Radio-Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and 35 normal conducting (NC) Crossbar H-Mode (CH) cavities. The development of the cavities is carried out by the Institute for Applied Physics (IAP) at the Goethe University Frankfurt am Main. Due to the high beam current, all cavities as well as the associated tuners and couplers have to be optimised for operation under high thermal load to ensure safe operation. In collaboration with the GSI Centre for Heavy Ion Research as the ideal test facility for high power tests, two cavities and the associated hardware are being designed and will be tested. The design and latest status of both cavities will be presented in this paper.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS041

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Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 28 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022

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TUPOMS042

Cavity R&D for HBS Accelerator

cavity, simulation, brilliance, proton

1520

N.F. Petry, K. Kümpel, S. Lamprecht, O. Meusel, H. Podlech, M. Schwarz
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

The demand for neutrons of various types for research is growing day by day worldwide. To meet the growing demand the Jülich High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) is in development. It is based on a high power linear proton accelerator with an end energy of 70 MeV and a proton beam current of 100 mA. After the injector and the MEBT is the main part of the accelerator, which consists of about 36 CH-type cavities. The design of the CH-type cavities will be optimized in terms of required power, required cooling and reliability and the recent results will be presented in this paper.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS042

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022

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WEOXSP1

Proposal for a Compact Neutron Generator Based on a Negative Deuterium Ion Beam

target, ion-source, electron, radiation

1599

K. Jimbo, T. Shirai
QST-NIRS, Chiba, Japan
K. Leung
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
K.A. Van Bibber
UCB, Berkeley, California, USA

Interest in high intensity generators of neutrons for basic and applied science has been growing, and thus the demand for an economical neutron generator has been growing. A major driver for the development of high intensity neutron generators are studies of neutron disturbance in integrated circuits, for which a compact generator that can be easily accommodated in an ordinary size lab would be highly desirable. We have investigated possible designs for neutron generators based on the D-D fusion reaction, which produce direction dependent mono-energetic neutrons with carry-off energy larger than 2.45 MeV. Specifically, we find a negative deuterium ion beam most attractive for this application, and plan to construct such a system with a negative deuterium ion beam of 200 keV energy and 100 mA current as a prototype of this concept.

Slides WEOXSP1 [2.581 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEOXSP1

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Received ※ 17 May 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 01 July 2022

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WEPOST002

Synchrotron Radiation Impact on the FCC-ee Arcs

shielding, radiation, electron, electronics

1675

B. Humann
TU Vienna, Wien, Austria
F. Cerutti, B. Humann, R. Kersevan
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Synchrotron radiation (SR) emitted by electron and positrons beams represents a major loss source in high energy circular colliders, such as the lepton version of the Future Circular Collider (FCC-ee) at CERN. In particular, for the operation mode at 182.5 GeV (above the top pair threshold), its spectrum makes it penetrate well beyond the vacuum chamber walls. In order to optimize its containment, dedicated absorbers are envisaged. In this contribution we report the energy deposition studies performed with FLUKA to assess heat load, time-integrated dose, power density and particle fluence distribution in the machine components and the surrounding environment. Different choices for the absorber material were considered and shielding options for electronics were investigated. Furthermore, possible positions for the booster ring were reviewed from the radiation exposure point of view.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOST002

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022

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THPOST035

Status of the Engineering Design of the IFMIF-DONES High Energy Beam Transport Line and Beam Dump System

vacuum, target, beam-transport, diagnostics

2520

D. Sánchez-Herranz, O. Nomen, M. Sanmartí, B.K. Singh
IREC, Sant Adria del Besos, Spain
F. Arranz, C. Oliver, I. Podadera
CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
P. Cara
IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
V. Hauer
KIT, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
F. Ogando
UNED, Madrid, Spain
D. Sánchez-Herranz
UGR, Granada, Spain

Funding: Work performed within framework of EUROfusion Consortium, funded by European Union via Euratom Research & Training Programme (Grant Agreement 101052200’EUROfusion). Views & opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Commission. Neither European Union nor European Commission can be held responsible for them.
IFMIF-DONES plant (International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility ’ DEMO Oriented Neutron Source) will be an installation located in the south of Spain at Granada. Its objective is the fusion material testing by the generation of a neutron flux with a broad energy distribution covering the typical neutron spectrum of a (D-T) fusion reactor. This is achieved by the Li(d, xn) nuclear reactions occurring in a liquid lithium target where a 40 MeV at 125 mA deuteron beam with a variable rectangular beam footprint between 100mm x 50mm and 200mm x 50mm collides. The accelerator system is in charge of providing such high energy deuterons in order to produce the required neutron flux. The High Energy Beam Transport line is the last subsystem of the IFMIF-DONES accelerator and its main functions are to guide the deuteron beam towards the liquid lithium target and to shape it with the required rectangular reference beam footprint. The present work details the status of the HEBT engineering design, including beam dynamics, vacuum configuration, radioprotection, beam diagnostics devices and remote handling analyses performed detailing the layout and integration.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST035

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Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022

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THPOST037

Analysis with MECAmaster on the Chain of Design Tolerances for the Target Systems at the European Spallation Source - ESS

alignment, shielding, target, interface

2524

A. Bignami, N. Gazis, S. Ghatnekar Nilsson
ESS, Lund, Sweden
B. Nicquevert
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The European Spallation Source - ESS, has achieved its major construction in Lund, Sweden and is currently continuing in parallel to commissioning its first systems. ESS is characterized by installing and commissioning the most powerful proton LINear ACcelerator (LINAC) designed for neutron production and a 5MW Target system for the production of pulsed neutrons from spallation. The highly challenging and complex design of the Target and Neutron Scattering System (NSS) requires an in-depth analysis of the impact of the stringent manufacturing requirements and tight design tolerances. A campaign of several MECAmaster simulations was performed by ESS Target Division (TD) and Engineering and Integration Support (EIS) Division, focusing on those components that successively come close to their installation and are known for their criticality in terms of achieving the final installation tolerances. The aim of this current study is to investigate and statistically list the possibilities of eventual criticality on the assembly and installation processes, allowing for potential design optimization, tooling implementation and adjustment of the installation procedures.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST037

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 02 July 2022

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THPOMS023

Design of the 590 MeV Proton Beamline for the Proposed TATTOOS Isotope Production Target at PSI

proton, target, simulation, site

3000

M. Hartmann, D.C. Kiselev, D. Reggiani, M. Seidel, J. Snuverink, H. Zhang
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

IMPACT (Isotope and Muon Production with Advanced Cyclotron and Target Technologies) is a proposed initiative envisaged for the high-intensity proton accelerator facility (HIPA) at the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI). As part of IMPACT, a radioisotope target station, TATTOOS (Targeted Alpha Tumour Therapy and Other Oncological Solutions) will allow the production of terbium radionuclides for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes. The proposed TATTOOS beamline and target will be located near the UCN (Ultra Cold Neutron source) target area, branching off from the main UCN beamline. In particular, the beamline is intended to operate at a beam intensity of 100 µA, requiring a continuous splitting of the main beam via an electrostatic splitter. Realistic beam loss simulations to verify safe operation have been performed and optimised using Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM), a Geant4 based tool enabling the simulation of beam transportation through magnets and particle passage through the accelerator. In this study, beam profiles, beam transmission and power deposits are generated and studied.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS023

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Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 31 May 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 04 July 2022

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THPOMS038

Spallation Target Optimization for ADS by Monte Carlo Codes

target, proton, experiment, site

3049

MumyapanM. Mumyapan, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, H. Namgoong
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

Accelerator Driven Systems are advanced systems for the use of Thorium as fuel, aiming to reduce nuclear waste through transmutation. The spallation target, which is responsible for producing neutrons, is one of the main parts of the ADS system. In this research, neutronic parameters of spallation targets consisting of several materials LBE, Mercury, Lead, Mercury on the cylindrical, box, and conic shapes using Monte Carlo codes (FLUKA, PHITS, MCNPX) was investigated. Energy Deposition and spallation neutron yield of spallation target with different shapes and dimensions have been calculated to optimization of the target. According to the results, the neutron yield values from MCNPX and PHITS are similar and it’s close to the experimental result. On the other hand, the error rate of the values in FLUKA is higher.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS038

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022

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THPOMS043

Mu*STAR: Superconducting Accelerator Driven Subcritical Molten Salt Nuclear Power Plants

target, site, operation, extraction

3067

R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, J.D. Lobo, T.J. Roberts
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

The Mu*STAR Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) is a transformational and disruptive concept using advances in superconducting accelerator technology to burn spent nuclear fuel (SNF) to close the fuel cycle and to eliminate need for uranium enrichment. One linac drives multiple Mu*STAR Small Modular Reactors (SMR) using subcritical molten salt fueled reactors with an internal spallation neutron target. Neutrons initiate fission chains that die out in the subcritical core. That means intrinsic immunity to criticality accidents. This new way to make nuclear energy employs continuous online removal of all fission products from molten salt fuel volatiles removed by helium purge gas. This reduces chance of accidental release. Non-volatiles removed by vortex separators, allowing complete burning of SNF.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS043

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Received ※ 09 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 16 June 2022

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THPOMS047

Design of Radiation Shielding for the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory

radiation, shielding, electron, photon

3073

P. Jaikaew, N. Khangrang
Chiang Mai University, PBP Research Facility, Chiang Mai, Thailand
M. Jitvisate
Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
S. Rimjaem
Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
S. Rimjaem
ThEP Center, Commission on Higher Education, Bangkok, Thailand

The local radiation shielding is designed for the electron linear accelerator beam dump at the PBP-CMU Electron Linac Laboratory (PCELL) with the aim to control the annual ambient dose equivalent during the operation. The study of radiation generation and design of radiation shielding is conducted based on the Monte Carlo simulation toolkit GEANT4. The study results include an annual ambient dose equivalent map and design of local shielding for the first bam dump downstream the linac section. With this design, the leaking radiation outside the accelerator hall is completely blocked and the average annual ambient dose equivalent on the rooftop of the hall is within the IAEA safety limit for the supervised area. The shielding model will then be used as a guideline for the construction in the near future.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS047

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 15 June 2022

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THPOMS050

Design of Linac Based Neutron Source

target, electron, photon, linac

3084

N. Upadhyay, S. Chacko
University of Mumbai, Mumbai, India
A.P. Deshpande, T.S. Dixit, R. Krishnan
SAMEER, Mumbai, India

Neutron sources are of great utility for various applications, especially in the fields of nuclear medicine, nuclear energy and imaging. At SAMEER, we have designed a linear electron accelerator based neutron source via photo-neutron generation. The accelerator is a 15 MeV linac with both photon and electron mode and is capable of delivering high beam current to achieve beam power of 1 to 2 kW. Efforts are in place to achieve further higher beam powers. 15 MeV electrons are incident on a bremsstrahlung target followed by a secondary target to achieve neutrons. To further optimize and enhance the neutron yield, backing material is provided. In this paper, we present the simulation of (e, g) and (g, n) processes using the Monte Carlo code FLUKA. The optimization of Tungsten as the convertor target whereas of the Beryllium as the neutron target is discussed in detail. We have explored various backing materials in order to optimize the total neutron yield as well as the thermal neutron yield. The simulation results have been considered for the finalisation of all material parameters for the set-up of this neutron source activity.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS050

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022

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THPOMS051

Study on Construction of an Additional Beamline for a Compact Neutron Source Using a 30 Mev Proton Cyclotron

target, proton, beam-transport, cyclotron

3087

Y. Kuriyama, M. Hino, Y. Iwashita, R.N. Nakamura, H. Tanaka
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

The Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University (KURNS) has been actively using neutrons extracted from the research reactor (KUR) for collaborative research. Since the operation of KUR is scheduled to be terminated in 2026 according to the current reactor operation plan, the development of a general-purpose neutron source using the 30 MeV proton cyclotron (HM-30) installed at KURNS for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) research has been discussed as an alternative neutron source. In this presentation, we report on the conceptual design of an additional beamline for a compact neutron source using this cyclotron.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS051

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Received ※ 20 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 18 June 2022

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THPOMS057

Using Co-Moving Collisions in a Gear-Changing System to Measure Fusion Cross-Sections

luminosity, experiment, collider, ECR

3105

E.A. Nissen
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Notice: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The U.S. Government retains a license to publish or reproduce this manuscript.
In this work we look at a possible use for a system that collides beams moving in the same direction using a gear-changing synchronization method as a means of measuring low energy phenomena, such as fusion cross sections. Depending on the energies used this process will allow for interactions for any desired charge state of the target nuclei. Earlier concepts for low energy interactions to study focused on beams crossing at an angle to give the low energy interactions, as well as general investigations of comoving collisions. This proposal would use gear-changing, a method involving two different harmonic numbers of bunches in each collider ring, to have the same types of collisions, with a luminosity equal that of a head-on machine. In this work we detail the design considerations for such a machine, leveraging experimental experience with a co-moving, gear-changing system.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOMS057

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Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 12 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022

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