IPAC2022 - Classification: MC7: Accelerator Technology / T21: Infrastructures

Paper	Title	Page
THPOST038	On-Site Transport and Handling Tests of Cryomodules for the European Spallation Source	2527
	F. Schlander, A. Bignami, N. Gazis ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The cryomodules for the superconducting Linac of the European Spallation Source ’ ESS are now arriving in a steady stream and the long-distance transport requirements are well understood. For the on-site transportation, handling and storage, several challenges have risen, including the intermediate storage of cryomodules before testing and/or installation. In comparison to the long-distance transports, the cryomodule on-site transports and respective handling until installation take place with specialised and limited transport protection. This requires additional measures and tests of those handling steps with extended diagnostics, to make sure that handling and transport refrains from damages on the last mile. Those handling procedures and executed tests will be described in this contribution.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST038
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOTK051	Corrosion of Copper Components in the Deionized Water Cooling System of ALBA Synchrotron Light Source: Current Research Status and Challenges	2891
	M. Quispe, E. Ayas, J.J. Casas, C. Colldelram, Ll. Fuentes, J. Iglesias ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain A. Garcia La Romanica, Barberà del Vallès, Sabadell, Spain
	Currently, the ALBA Synchrotron Light Source is carrying out studies on corrosion in copper components of the deionized water cooling circuit. The preliminary studies, based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) have shown the presence of intergranular, pitting, and generalized corrosion in the analyzed copper samples. The purpose of this paper is to present new advances in the field of this research, such as: the study of the influence of low velocity water flow in the cooling circuit on the current high dissolved oxygen content (> 6500 ppb), the results of corrosion products found in the cooling circuit, the description of the improper operation of the cooling circuit as a closed loop, and FEA studies of copper components in order to redefine the water flow velocity design criteria to values lower than 3 m/s and thus minimize corrosion by erosion. Finally, in order to attenuate the corrosion rate, preventive solutions are presented such as the viability to install an oxygen content degassing plant, new instrumentation for water quality monitorization, and installation of degassing equipment at strategic positions of the cooling circuit.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK051
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOTK054	Proposal of a VHEE Linac for FLASH Radiotherapy	2903
SUSPMF120	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	L. Giuliano, F. Bosco, M. Carillo, D. De Arcangelis, A. De Gregorio, L. Ficcadenti, D. Francescone, G. Franciosini, M. Migliorati, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo, V. Patera, A. Sarti Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy D. Alesini, A. Gallo, A. Vannozzi INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy M. Behtouei, L. Faillace, B. Spataro LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy M.G. Bisogni, F. Di Martino, J.H. Pensavalle INFN-Pisa, Pisa, Italy G.A.P. Cirrone, G. Cuttone, G. Torrisi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy V. Favaudon, A. Patriarca Institut Curie - Centre de Protonthérapie d’Orsay, Orsay, France S. Heinrich Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Orsay, France
	Translation of electron FLASH radiotherapy in clinical practice requires the use of high energy accelerators to treat deep tumours and Very High Electron Energy (VHEE) could represent a valid technique to achieve this goal. In this sce- nario, a VHEE FLASH linac is under study at the University La Sapienza of Rome (Italy) in collaboration with the Italian Institute for Nuclear Research (INFN) and the Curie Insti- tute (France). Here we present the preliminary results of a compact C-band system aiming to reach an high accelerating gradient and an high pulse current necessary to deliver high dose per pulse and ultra-high dose rate required for FLASH effect. We propose a system composed of a low energy high current injector linac followed by a modular section of high accelerating gradient structures. CST code is used to define the required LINAC’s RF parameters and beam dynamics simulations are performed using T-Step, ASTRA and GPT tracking codes.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK054
About •	Received ※ 17 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOTK058	CERN’s East Experimental Area: A New Modern Physics Facility	2911
	S. Evrard, D. Banerjee, J. Bernhard, F. Carvalho, S. Danzeca, M. Lazzaroni, B. Rae, G. Romagnoli CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	CERN’s East Area has hosted a variety of fixed-target experiments since the 1950s, using four beamlines from the Proton Synchrotron (PS). Over the past 4 years, the experimental area - CERN’s second largest - has undergone a complete makeover. New instrumentation and beamline configuration have improved the precision of data collection, and new magnets and power convertors have drastically reduced the area’s energy consumption. This article will summarize the major challenges encountered for the design of the renovated beamlines and for the preparation and test of the components. The infrastructure was carefully fitted resulting in a very smooth beam commissioning, the details of which will also be presented along with the restart of physics in the second half of 2021. With the return of the beams in the accelerator complex, the East Area’s experiments have taken physics measurements again and the facility’s central role in the modern physics landscape has been restored.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK058
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRPLYGD1	Towards Efficient Particle Accelerators - A Review	3141
	M. Seidel PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	Sustainability has become an important aspect of all human activities, and also for accelerator driven research infrastructures. For new facilities it is mandatory to optimize power consumption and overall sustainability. This presentation will give an overview of the power efficiency of accelerator concepts and relevant technologies. Conceptual aspects will be discussed for proton driver accelerators, light sources and particle colliders. Several accelerator technologies are particularly relevant for power efficiency. These are utilized across the various facility concepts and include superconducting RF and cryogenic systems, RF sources, energy efficient magnets, conventional cooling and heat recovery. Power efficiency has been a topic in the European programs EUCARD-2, ARIES and the ongoing I.FAST project and the documentation of these programs is a related source of information.
	Slides FRPLYGD1 [4.531 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-FRPLYGD1
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

On-Site Transport and Handling Tests of Cryomodules for the European Spallation Source

2527

F. Schlander, A. Bignami, N. Gazis
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The cryomodules for the superconducting Linac of the European Spallation Source ’ ESS are now arriving in a steady stream and the long-distance transport requirements are well understood. For the on-site transportation, handling and storage, several challenges have risen, including the intermediate storage of cryomodules before testing and/or installation. In comparison to the long-distance transports, the cryomodule on-site transports and respective handling until installation take place with specialised and limited transport protection. This requires additional measures and tests of those handling steps with extended diagnostics, to make sure that handling and transport refrains from damages on the last mile. Those handling procedures and executed tests will be described in this contribution.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOST038

About •

Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 25 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOTK051

Corrosion of Copper Components in the Deionized Water Cooling System of ALBA Synchrotron Light Source: Current Research Status and Challenges

2891

M. Quispe, E. Ayas, J.J. Casas, C. Colldelram, Ll. Fuentes, J. Iglesias
ALBA-CELLS Synchrotron, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
A. Garcia
La Romanica, Barberà del Vallès, Sabadell, Spain

Currently, the ALBA Synchrotron Light Source is carrying out studies on corrosion in copper components of the deionized water cooling circuit. The preliminary studies, based on Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) have shown the presence of intergranular, pitting, and generalized corrosion in the analyzed copper samples. The purpose of this paper is to present new advances in the field of this research, such as: the study of the influence of low velocity water flow in the cooling circuit on the current high dissolved oxygen content (> 6500 ppb), the results of corrosion products found in the cooling circuit, the description of the improper operation of the cooling circuit as a closed loop, and FEA studies of copper components in order to redefine the water flow velocity design criteria to values lower than 3 m/s and thus minimize corrosion by erosion. Finally, in order to attenuate the corrosion rate, preventive solutions are presented such as the viability to install an oxygen content degassing plant, new instrumentation for water quality monitorization, and installation of degassing equipment at strategic positions of the cooling circuit.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK051

About •

Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 17 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOTK054

Proposal of a VHEE Linac for FLASH Radiotherapy

2903

SUSPMF120

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

L. Giuliano, F. Bosco, M. Carillo, D. De Arcangelis, A. De Gregorio, L. Ficcadenti, D. Francescone, G. Franciosini, M. Migliorati, A. Mostacci, L. Palumbo, V. Patera, A. Sarti
Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
D. Alesini, A. Gallo, A. Vannozzi
INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
M. Behtouei, L. Faillace, B. Spataro
LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
M.G. Bisogni, F. Di Martino, J.H. Pensavalle
INFN-Pisa, Pisa, Italy
G.A.P. Cirrone, G. Cuttone, G. Torrisi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
V. Favaudon, A. Patriarca
Institut Curie - Centre de Protonthérapie d’Orsay, Orsay, France
S. Heinrich
Institut Curie, Centre de Recherche, Orsay, France

Translation of electron FLASH radiotherapy in clinical practice requires the use of high energy accelerators to treat deep tumours and Very High Electron Energy (VHEE) could represent a valid technique to achieve this goal. In this sce- nario, a VHEE FLASH linac is under study at the University La Sapienza of Rome (Italy) in collaboration with the Italian Institute for Nuclear Research (INFN) and the Curie Insti- tute (France). Here we present the preliminary results of a compact C-band system aiming to reach an high accelerating gradient and an high pulse current necessary to deliver high dose per pulse and ultra-high dose rate required for FLASH effect. We propose a system composed of a low energy high current injector linac followed by a modular section of high accelerating gradient structures. CST code is used to define the required LINAC’s RF parameters and beam dynamics simulations are performed using T-Step, ASTRA and GPT tracking codes.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK054

About •

Received ※ 17 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPOTK058

CERN’s East Experimental Area: A New Modern Physics Facility

2911

S. Evrard, D. Banerjee, J. Bernhard, F. Carvalho, S. Danzeca, M. Lazzaroni, B. Rae, G. Romagnoli
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

CERN’s East Area has hosted a variety of fixed-target experiments since the 1950s, using four beamlines from the Proton Synchrotron (PS). Over the past 4 years, the experimental area - CERN’s second largest - has undergone a complete makeover. New instrumentation and beamline configuration have improved the precision of data collection, and new magnets and power convertors have drastically reduced the area’s energy consumption. This article will summarize the major challenges encountered for the design of the renovated beamlines and for the preparation and test of the components. The infrastructure was carefully fitted resulting in a very smooth beam commissioning, the details of which will also be presented along with the restart of physics in the second half of 2021. With the return of the beams in the accelerator complex, the East Area’s experiments have taken physics measurements again and the facility’s central role in the modern physics landscape has been restored.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-THPOTK058

About •

Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRPLYGD1

Towards Efficient Particle Accelerators - A Review

3141

M. Seidel
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

Sustainability has become an important aspect of all human activities, and also for accelerator driven research infrastructures. For new facilities it is mandatory to optimize power consumption and overall sustainability. This presentation will give an overview of the power efficiency of accelerator concepts and relevant technologies. Conceptual aspects will be discussed for proton driver accelerators, light sources and particle colliders. Several accelerator technologies are particularly relevant for power efficiency. These are utilized across the various facility concepts and include superconducting RF and cryogenic systems, RF sources, energy efficient magnets, conventional cooling and heat recovery. Power efficiency has been a topic in the European programs EUCARD-2, ARIES and the ongoing I.FAST project and the documentation of these programs is a related source of information.

Slides FRPLYGD1 [4.531 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-FRPLYGD1

About •

Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Revised ※ 12 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 13 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 29 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)